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Cancer Types

An overview of diseases, diagnosis and treatment options for gynaecological malignancies

Gynecological oncology is a subspeciality within gynecology, where malignant tumors (cancers) in the female reproductive organs, incl. ovaries, fallopian tubes, peritoneum, uterus, cervix, vagina and vulva, are managed. The patients within the subspeciality are diagnosed, staged and treated in centralized cancer centres by teams of specialists including gynaecologists, surgeons, medical oncologist and radiotherapists.

Gynaecological malignancies affect patients both physically, mentally, sexually and socially in many cases. This warrants a multidisciplinary approach to treating and helping the patients optimally, including closed collaboration with subspecialized nurses, physicists, radiographic personal, physiotherapists etc.

In many Hospitals clinical research is an integrated part of every day and a high priority among professionals. Researchers aim to initiate and run clinical trials to develop, test and improve future advances within gynecological oncology treatment.

Endometrial Cancer

Endometrial cancer originates mainly (over 90 %) from the internal surface of the uterus. It is the most frequent gynaecological cancer type, and often gives symptoms in lower stages (1 and 2). Followingly the cancer is often diagnosed early, where the prognosis is good and treatment can be curative.

Long term exposure of the endometrium to high estrogen levels (adipositas, PCOS, Tamoxifen (treatment for breastcancer)) increases the risk of  endometrial cancer.

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Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is the second most frequent gynecological cancer type, and includes cancer in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and peritoneum. 

The disease has limited symptoms in lower stages (1 and 2), and therefore it is predominantly diagnosed in advanced stages 3 and 4), where it is associated with a poor prognosis.

The ethiology of the disease is multifactorial with approximately 10 % being hereditary (mainly BRCA  1/2 mutation). 

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Cervical Cancer

Malignant tumors of the uterine cervix may affect both young and older women. The majority of cervical cancers are associated with persistent high-risk HPV-infection (e.g. type 16 and 18).

Smear-screening for dysplasia (pre-cancerous lesions) and the introduction of the HPV-vaccination have decreased the occurrence of cervical cancer in developed countries.

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Vaginal Cancer

Primary malignant tumors originating in the vagina are rare. More often, malignant tumors discovered in the vagina have spread from other cancer types in the pelvis or elsewhere in the body.

As the location implies, the cancer and the treatment are often associated with symptoms of physical, mental and sexual nature.

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Vulva Cancer

Malignant tumors of the vulva may be reated to the autoimmune disease Lichen Sclerosis and/or HPV-infection. Tumors may present in various ways; such as a red itching/scaling lesion, a wound without heeling, or a swelling/tumor in the outer female genital parts.

The cancer and the treatment are often associated with symptoms of physical, mental, and sexual nature. Patients often peristently have visible sequelae after the disease and treatment.

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Privacy Policy for NSGO-CTU

NSGO-CTU treats personal information and complies with the laws and principles of good data
processing practices. Therefore, we have adopted this Privacy Policy, which briefly describes how we treat personal information, so legal and transparent processing is ensured.

We are responsible for processing your personal information:

NSGO-CTU is the data controller and you can contact the organization’s data protection officer:

Mansoor Raza Mirza

Nordic Society of Gynecologic Oncology – Clinical Trial Unit
Copenhagen University Hospital
Department of Oncology, 9431
Blegdamsvej 60
DK-2100 Copenhagen
Office phone: +45 35 45 33 78
fax: +45 3545 2898
nsgo-dpo.rigshospitalet@regionh.dk

We treat the following personal information about personnel participating in NSGO-CTU trials:
• General personal information: For example; contact information such as name, work
address, work phone number, date of birth, email address, country, work title, date of start
of participation and termination in a trial and, if applicable, CV, GCP certificates, records of
training and other qualification data.
• If applicable, financial disclosure forms and/or Bank account number for reimbursement
purposes.

We collect personal information from:
• We will ask you to provide us the information yourself, when you in decide to take part
in NSGO-CTU trials.
The organization’s legal basis to process personal information:
• That we as an organization have a (legitimate) interest in processing your information, for
example to secure your qualifications in handling the care of the participants in a trial.
• That it is necessary for us to fulfill an agreement with your employer
• You have agreed that we can process your information via signing the delegation log.
The purpose of processing personal information:
• The participation of an investigator or of other individuals in a clinical trial which is being
conducted according to the principals governing clinical research as set out in the
Declaration of Helsinki and with the acceptance of all involved Regulatory Health
Authorities and involved Ethical Committees, requires collection, recording, storage,
transfer and/or other use of personal data (personal data processing).
• Communicate regarding studies.
• To handle payments and reimbursements.
• To comply with legislation.
• To deliver services, in the form of the possibility to participate in the Annual Meeting,
Investigator Meeting.
• To be able to give you access to IT systems, databases, eCRFs etc. related to the functioning
of each individual trial.

Consent:
When you decide to take part in a NSGO-CTU trial NSGO-CTU either makes a contract with you or
your employer where terms and conditions are described, or if you put your name on the
Delegation Log of a trial, you agree to the information described in this Privacy Policy.
However, it may happen that we judge it necessary to obtain your written consent for other
purposes. In that case you will have the opportunity to voluntarily agree, and you may withdraw it
at any time by notifying us.
Be aware that there are legal bases for certain forms of processing of your data for the abovementioned purposes and that your consent is the only legal basis for other forms of processing.

Dispatch of your personal information:
Depending on your role in a trial, your personal information might be shared with personnel at
other sites, monitors, group staff in other countries, NSGO-CTU office staff, members of NSGO,
CRO staff, Ethics Committees and Competent Authorities, both in Europe, but also in countries
outside the European Economic Area (for example the US). If your data (personal information) has
been transferred, they will be subject to the data protection legislation of the respective country,
also if a less severe data protection law should exist.
We do not disclose information about you to anyone outside the organization without the above
consent, however, it should be noted, that if you e.g. accept an invitation to a meeting, your
personal information might be forwarded to the meeting location or the meeting organizer. Only
personal information relevant for the 3rd party will be disclosed in these circumstances.
Furthermore, your data can be transmitted to public databases for registration, as well as
publication of a trial and your data can be stored and published in those databases.
Storing and deleting your personal information:
For historical reasons and as your details might be saved in old attendance lists, email
correspondence and minutes from meetings, we cannot promise that all personal information
about you will be deleted, when you end your participation in a study. In general, all information
about a trial is deleted at least 20 years after end of study.

Your rights:
You have a number of rights via the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR):
• The Right to Information (to be informed what information we process about you)
• The Right of Access (to get a print of the information we process about you)
• The Right to Rectification (to have false information about you corrected)
• The Right to Erasure (to delete information we process about you, however, information
already received cannot be deleted)
• The Right to Restriction of processing (under certain conditions, to have the processing of
your data restricted)
• The Right to Object (to object to your information being used for wrong purposes)

You may make use of your rights by contacting us, however, the legality of the processing carried out
prior to e.g., a withdrawal will not be affected. If you submit a request to have your personal
information corrected or deleted, we will investigate whether the conditions are met and, in that
case, make changes or deletions as soon as possible and, if applicable, also notify our data
processors to do so.

If you do not believe that NSGO-CTU handles your data correctly, you can file a complaint with the
supervisory authorities – The Danish ‘Datatilsynet’ – About processing your personal information
(www.datatilsynet.dk).

Revision of Privacy Policy:
We reserve the right to change the organization’s privacy policy. When we change privacy policy,
we also change the date and version number at the bottom of this document. In case of significant
changes, you will receive a notification.

The current privacy policy for NSGO-CTU is always available on our website.

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Privacy Policy for NSGO

NSGO treats personal information and complies with the laws and principles of good data processing practices. Therefore, we have adopted this Privacy Policy, which briefly describes how we treat personal information, so legal and transparent processing is ensured.

We are responsible for processing your personal information:

NSGO is the data controller and you can always contact the organization’s data protection officer:

Mansoor Raza Mirza

Nordic Society of Gynecologic Oncology – Clinical Trial Unit
Copenhagen University Hospital
Department of Oncology, 9431
Blegdamsvej 60
DK-2100 Copenhagen
Office phone: +45 35 45 33 78
fax: +45 3545 2898
nsgo-dpo.rigshospitalet@regionh.dk

We treat the following personal information about members:

  • General personal information: For example, contact information such as name, work address, work phone number, private phone number, date of birth, email address, country, work title, date of membership, date of membership termination and cv in relation to membership application. Parts of credit card number via Epay and, if applicable, Bank account number for reimbursement purposes. When applicable, Board Members may be asked to give NSGO copies of other personal documents (for example passport or tax bill) in relation to the Danish Laundering Act.
  • Other information: For example, positions of trust, board membership and other duties in relation to the organization.

We collect personal information from:

Usually we will get the information from you, when you register to become a member of NSGO and when you apply for reimbursements or pay your membership fee

The organization’s legal basis to process personal information:

  • That we as an organization have a (legitimate) interest in processing your information
  • That it is necessary for us to fulfill an agreement with you
  • You have agreed that we can process your information via becoming a member of the

The purpose of processing personal information:

  • That we can run the organization’s activities, including planning, implementing and following up on them
  • To invite to vote for Board and President Elect elections
  • To distribute newsletters
  • To comply with legislation
  • To deliver services, in the form of the possibility to participate in the Annual Meeting, Investigator Meeting and if applicable Strategic Meetings, Board Meetings, Scientific Committee Meetings, Foundation Meetings.
  • To notify members about other Gynecologic Cancer Managing your relationship with the organization
  • To handle your membership rights
  • For you to fulfill your obligations as a member of the organization, including paying the membership fee, etc.
  • Being able to display situation images from a specific event in the organization for instance from NSGO Annual Meetings
  • To maintain historical value data for statistics and the like

Consent:

When you become a member, we have a legal basis to process your personal information for the (legitimate) interest of the organization. However, it may happen that we judge it necessary to obtain your written consent for other purposes. In that case you will have the opportunity to voluntarily agree, and you may withdraw it at any time by notifying us.

Dispatch of your personal information:

We do not disclose information about you to anyone outside the organization without your consent, however, it should be noted, that if you e.g. accept an invitation to a meeting, your personal information might be forwarded to the meeting location or the meeting organizer. Only personal information relevant for the 3rd party will be disclosed in these circumstances.

Storing and deleting your personal information:

For historical reasons and as your details might be saved in old attendance lists, email correspondence and minutes from meetings, we cannot promise that all personal information about you will be deleted, if you terminate your membership.

Your rights:

You have a number of rights via the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR):

  • The Right to Information (to be informed what information we process about you)
  • The Right to Rectification (to have false information about you corrected)
  • The Right to Restriction of processing (under certain conditions, to have the processing of your data restricted)
  • The Right to Object (to object to your information being used for wrong purposes)

You may make use of your rights by contacting us. If you submit a request to have your personal information corrected or deleted, we will investigate whether the conditions are met and, in that case, make changes or deletions as soon as possible and, if applicable, also notify our data processors to do so.

You can file a complaint with the supervisory authorities – The Danish ‘Datatilsynet’ – About processing your personal information (www.datatilsynet.dk).

Revision of Privacy Policy:

We reserve the right to change the organization’s privacy policy. When we change privacy policy, we also change the date and version number at the bottom of this document. In case of significant changes, you will receive a notification.

The current privacy policy is always available on our website.

Practice Areas

Newsletter

Sign up to our newsletter

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